Early Modern Spain, spanning from the late 15th century to the early 18th century, was a period marked by significant political and cultural changes. This era began with the unification of the Catholic Monarchs, Ferdinand II of Aragon and Isabella I of Castile, who completed the Reconquista in 1492. Their reign led to the establishment of a powerful Spanish empire, fueled by exploration and colonization in the Americas. During this time, Spain became a leading European power, known for its wealth and influence. The Spanish Inquisition sought to maintain Catholic orthodoxy, while the Habsburg dynasty ruled over vast territories. The period also saw a flourishing of arts and literature, with figures like Miguel de Cervantes emerging, contributing to Spain's rich cultural legacy.