The Earl of Selkirk is a title in the peerage of Scotland, created in 1646. The title is associated with the Selkirk region, located in the Scottish Borders. The most notable holder was Thomas Douglas, 5th Earl of Selkirk, who played a significant role in the early 19th century by promoting Scottish emigration to North America, particularly to the area that became known as Manitoba. The Earl of Selkirk is also known for his efforts in establishing the Selkirk Settlement in Canada, which aimed to provide a new home for Scottish settlers. His initiatives contributed to the development of the region and the establishment of the Red River Colony, which became an important part of Canadian history.