The Earl of Ilay is a title in the peerage of Scotland, created in 1701. It is associated with the family of the Campbells, who have a long history in Scottish nobility. The title is linked to the region of Ilay, located in the western part of Scotland, known for its scenic landscapes and rich cultural heritage. The title has been held by several notable individuals, including John Campbell, the first Earl, who played a significant role in Scottish politics. The Earl of Ilay is part of the larger Scottish peerage, which includes various other titles and ranks, reflecting the complex history of nobility in Scotland.