ESO, or the European Southern Observatory, is an intergovernmental organization dedicated to astronomical research. Founded in 1962, it operates some of the world's most advanced telescopes located in Chile, providing scientists with valuable data about the universe. The observatory's facilities include the Very Large Telescope and the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array, which enable astronomers to study celestial objects in detail. ESO plays a crucial role in international collaborations and contributes significantly to our understanding of astrophysics and cosmology.