The Dutch Colonial Empire was a global trading empire established by the Netherlands from the late 16th to the 18th centuries. It was primarily driven by the activities of the Dutch East India Company and the Dutch West India Company, which sought to control trade routes and resources in Asia, Africa, and the Americas. The empire included territories such as parts of the Indonesian archipelago, Suriname, and several Caribbean islands. At its height, the Dutch Colonial Empire was known for its significant influence on global trade, particularly in spices, sugar, and textiles. The empire also played a role in the establishment of New Amsterdam, which later became New York City. The decline of the empire began in the late 17th century due to competition from other European powers and internal challenges.