The Duke of Savoy was a title held by the rulers of the historical region of Savoy, located in the western Alps. This title emerged in the 11th century and became significant in European politics, especially during the Renaissance. The Dukes played a crucial role in the formation of modern Italy and were influential in the development of the region. The most notable Duke of Savoy was Victor Emmanuel II, who became the first king of unified Italy in 1861. The House of Savoy, which held the title, was known for its contributions to Italian unification and its long-standing monarchy, which lasted until the abolition of the monarchy in 1946.