The Duke of Provence was a title held by the rulers of the region of Provence in southern France. This title emerged during the medieval period and was often associated with the Counts of Provence, who governed the area. The title became significant in the context of the broader political landscape of France, especially during the time of the Capetian dynasty. In 1481, the title of Duke of Provence was absorbed into the French crown when the last Count, Louis II of Provence, died without a male heir. This incorporation marked the end of the independent rule of Provence, integrating it into the Kingdom of France and shaping its future governance.