The Duchy of Gelre was a historical region in the northeastern part of the Holy Roman Empire, primarily located in what is now the Netherlands. It emerged in the 11th century and became a significant political entity, known for its strategic location and rich resources. The duchy was ruled by the House of Gelre and played a crucial role in regional politics during the Middle Ages. In the 16th century, the Duchy of Gelre faced challenges from neighboring territories, particularly during the Eighty Years' War. It eventually lost its independence and was incorporated into the Spanish Netherlands in 1543. The duchy's legacy continues to influence the cultural and historical identity of the region today.