Driver development refers to the process of creating software that allows the operating system to communicate with hardware devices. This software, known as a device driver, acts as a translator between the hardware and the applications that use it, ensuring that commands are executed correctly. The development of drivers involves understanding the specific requirements of the hardware, such as printers, graphics cards, or network adapters. Developers must write code that adheres to the standards set by the operating system, ensuring compatibility and optimal performance for users.