"Discipline and Punishment" is a book by the French philosopher Michel Foucault, published in 1975. It explores the evolution of social control and the ways societies enforce discipline through various institutions, such as prisons and schools. Foucault examines how power dynamics shape human behavior and the methods used to regulate individuals. The work highlights the shift from physical punishment to more subtle forms of control, emphasizing surveillance and normalization. Foucault argues that modern societies prioritize discipline over outright punishment, leading to a more pervasive form of social regulation that influences personal conduct and societal norms.