Dipterans, commonly known as flies, are insects belonging to the order Diptera. This group is characterized by having a single pair of wings, with the second pair reduced to small structures called halteres, which help with balance during flight. Dipterans are found in various habitats and play essential roles in ecosystems, including pollination and decomposition. There are over 150,000 known species of dipterans, including familiar types like houseflies and mosquitoes. They undergo complete metamorphosis, which includes four life stages: egg, larva, pupa, and adult. Many dipterans are also important in medical research and forensic science due to their rapid life cycles and interactions with humans.