Digital communication protocols are standardized rules that determine how data is transmitted over networks. They ensure that devices, such as computers and smartphones, can communicate effectively by defining the format, timing, and error-checking methods for data exchange. Common examples include TCP/IP, which is fundamental for internet communication, and HTTP, used for transferring web pages. These protocols help maintain the integrity and security of data as it travels between devices. By following these guidelines, different systems can work together seamlessly, allowing for reliable communication in various applications, from email to video conferencing.