Diazonium salts are a class of organic compounds that contain a positively charged nitrogen atom bonded to two other groups, typically an aromatic ring and a counterion. They are usually formed by the reaction of primary aromatic amines with nitrous acid under acidic conditions. These salts are known for their stability at low temperatures and can decompose to release nitrogen gas, making them useful in various chemical reactions. In organic synthesis, diazonium salts serve as versatile intermediates. They can undergo a range of reactions, such as nucleophilic substitution and coupling reactions, allowing for the introduction of different functional groups onto aromatic rings. This property makes them valuable in the production of dyes, pharmaceuticals, and other complex organic molecules.