A descriptive model is a type of statistical model that aims to summarize and explain the characteristics of a dataset. It focuses on providing insights into the data without making predictions. Descriptive models often use techniques like mean, median, and standard deviation to describe the central tendency and variability of the data. These models are commonly used in fields such as economics, psychology, and marketing to analyze trends and patterns. By understanding the underlying structure of the data, researchers can make informed decisions and identify areas for further investigation.