Dental materials are substances used in dentistry to restore, replace, or enhance the function and appearance of teeth. These materials include composite resins, amalgam, ceramics, and dental cements, each chosen based on their properties and the specific needs of the patient. The selection of dental materials is crucial for the success of various procedures, such as fillings, crowns, and bridges. Factors like durability, aesthetics, and biocompatibility are considered to ensure that the materials will perform well in the oral environment and provide long-lasting results.