Demographic change refers to the shifts in the characteristics of a population over time. This can include variations in age, gender, race, and ethnicity, as well as changes in birth and death rates. Factors such as migration, economic conditions, and social policies can influence these changes, impacting communities and economies. One significant aspect of demographic change is aging populations, where the proportion of older individuals increases. This trend is observed in many countries, including Japan and Germany, leading to challenges such as increased healthcare needs and a shrinking workforce. Understanding these changes is crucial for planning and policy-making.