Defensive measures are strategies and actions taken to protect individuals, organizations, or nations from potential threats or attacks. These measures can include physical barriers, surveillance systems, and cybersecurity protocols designed to prevent unauthorized access or harm. They aim to minimize risks and enhance safety in various environments, such as homes, businesses, and military operations. In the context of cybersecurity, defensive measures involve using firewalls, encryption, and regular software updates to safeguard sensitive information from hackers. Similarly, in military settings, defensive measures may include fortifications, strategic positioning, and intelligence gathering to deter enemy actions and ensure national security.