Defensive formations are strategic arrangements of players in sports, particularly in football and soccer, designed to prevent the opposing team from scoring. These formations dictate how players position themselves on the field, allowing teams to cover key areas and respond effectively to offensive plays. Common examples include the 4-4-2 and 3-5-2 formations in soccer, which balance defense and midfield control. In American football, defensive formations like the 4-3 and 3-4 align players to counteract the offensive team's strategies. Each formation has specific roles for players, such as linemen and linebackers, to maximize defensive effectiveness. The choice of formation can significantly influence the outcome of a game.