Defects, often referred to as flaws, are imperfections or shortcomings in a product, process, or system. They can arise from various sources, including design errors, manufacturing mistakes, or material failures. Identifying and addressing defects is crucial to ensure quality and reliability in items such as electronics, vehicles, and consumer goods. In many industries, defects can lead to safety hazards, increased costs, and customer dissatisfaction. Quality control measures, such as inspections and testing, are implemented to detect and rectify defects before products reach consumers. This proactive approach helps maintain standards and enhances overall performance in fields like manufacturing and software development.