Deep excavation refers to the process of digging deep into the ground to create foundations, basements, or underground structures. This technique is commonly used in construction projects, such as skyscrapers and tunnels, where significant depth is required. It involves careful planning and engineering to ensure safety and stability during the excavation process. The process often requires specialized equipment, such as excavators and shoring systems, to support the walls of the excavation and prevent collapses. Additionally, soil analysis is conducted to understand the ground conditions, which helps in determining the best methods for excavation and ensuring the safety of workers and nearby structures.