The decline of Rome refers to the gradual fall of the Roman Empire, which began in the 3rd century AD and culminated in the 5th century. Factors contributing to this decline included economic troubles, military defeats, and political instability. The empire faced invasions from various groups, such as the Visigoths and Vandals, which weakened its borders and resources. Additionally, internal issues like corruption and a declining population further strained the empire. The division of the empire into the Western Roman Empire and the Eastern Roman Empire in 285 AD also played a role, as the Western Empire struggled to maintain control and ultimately fell in 476 AD.