Data Structures are ways to organize and store data in a computer so that it can be accessed and modified efficiently. Common examples include arrays, linked lists, stacks, and queues. Each structure has its own strengths and weaknesses, making them suitable for different types of tasks. Algorithms are step-by-step procedures or formulas for solving problems. They use Data Structures to perform operations like searching, sorting, and manipulating data. Understanding both Data Structures and Algorithms is essential for computer programming, as they help optimize performance and resource usage in software development.