The Dalton Minimum refers to a period of low solar activity that occurred from about 1790 to 1830. During this time, the number of sunspots, which are dark spots on the sun's surface indicating solar activity, significantly decreased. This reduction in solar activity is associated with cooler temperatures on Earth, contributing to what is known as the Little Ice Age. Named after the British scientist John Dalton, who studied atmospheric conditions, the Dalton Minimum is one of several historical periods of reduced solar activity. It highlights the relationship between solar cycles and climate, demonstrating how changes in the sun can influence Earth's weather patterns over extended periods.