The Dadaists were artists and writers who emerged in the early 20th century, particularly during and after World War I. They rejected traditional artistic values and sought to challenge societal norms through absurdity and irrationality. This movement was characterized by its use of unconventional materials and techniques, often incorporating collage, photomontage, and performance art. Dadaism was not just an art movement; it was also a cultural response to the chaos of the time. Key figures included Marcel Duchamp, known for his provocative works like the Fountain, and Hannah Höch, who pioneered photomontage. The movement laid the groundwork for later avant-garde movements, such as Surrealism.