DNA manipulation refers to the process of altering the genetic material of an organism. This can involve adding, removing, or changing specific sequences of DNA to achieve desired traits. Techniques such as CRISPR, gene cloning, and gene editing are commonly used in research and biotechnology to study genes and develop new therapies. The applications of DNA manipulation are vast, including agriculture, medicine, and environmental science. For instance, scientists can create genetically modified organisms (GMOs) to enhance crop resistance to pests or diseases. In medicine, DNA manipulation can lead to advancements in gene therapy, potentially treating genetic disorders by correcting faulty genes.