DIP switches are small electronic components used to control settings in various devices. They consist of a series of tiny switches that can be turned on or off, allowing users to configure hardware options easily. Each switch represents a binary value, where "on" is typically represented by a closed switch and "off" by an open one. These switches are commonly found in computers, televisions, and other electronic equipment. By adjusting the positions of the switches, users can change device settings such as address configurations or operational modes, making DIP switches a simple yet effective tool for customization.