Czech Modernism refers to a cultural movement in the Czech Republic during the late 19th and early 20th centuries, characterized by a break from traditional forms in art, literature, and architecture. It sought to express new ideas and experiences, often influenced by European modernist trends. Key figures include František Kupka in painting and Karel Čapek in literature, who explored innovative themes and styles. In architecture, Czech Modernism is exemplified by the work of Josef Gočár and Vladimír Karfík, who embraced functionalism and new materials. This movement played a crucial role in shaping Czech national identity and reflecting the social changes of the time.