Czech authors have made significant contributions to literature, particularly in the 19th and 20th centuries. Notable figures include Franz Kafka, known for his surreal and existential works, and Karel Čapek, who introduced the term "robot" in his play R.U.R.. Their writings often explore themes of identity, society, and the human condition. The Czech literary scene is also rich with poetry and drama. Vítězslav Nezval and Jaroslav Hašek are celebrated for their innovative styles and satirical narratives. The country's literary heritage reflects its complex history and cultural influences, making it a vital part of European literature.