Cyrus II, also known as Cyrus the Great, was the founder of the Achaemenid Empire in ancient Persia around 550 BCE. He is renowned for his military conquests, which united the Medes and Persians, creating one of the largest empires in history. Cyrus is also celebrated for his progressive approach to governance, allowing conquered peoples to maintain their customs and religions. Cyrus II is famous for issuing the Cyrus Cylinder, often considered the first declaration of human rights. This artifact highlights his policies of tolerance and respect for local traditions. His legacy influenced future leaders and shaped the course of Persian and world history.