Cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) is an enzyme that plays a crucial role in the production of prostaglandins, which are lipid compounds involved in various physiological functions. COX-1 is primarily expressed in many tissues, including the stomach, kidneys, and platelets, where it helps maintain normal functions such as protecting the stomach lining and regulating blood flow. COX-1 is often contrasted with Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), which is more involved in inflammatory responses. While COX-1 is considered a "housekeeping" enzyme, COX-2 is induced during inflammation and injury. Understanding COX-1 is important for developing medications that target pain and inflammation without disrupting its protective roles.