Cumberland Road is a historic route in the United States that played a significant role in westward expansion during the early 19th century. It was established as a federal highway in 1806, connecting Cumberland, Maryland to Vandalia, Illinois. This road facilitated trade and travel, allowing settlers to move westward more easily. The road is part of the larger National Road system, which was the first federally funded highway in the U.S. Over time, Cumberland Road became a vital artery for commerce and migration, contributing to the development of towns and communities along its path.