Cryogenic detectors are specialized devices used to detect and measure low-energy particles, such as neutrinos or dark matter. They operate at extremely low temperatures, often close to absolute zero, which reduces thermal noise and enhances sensitivity. This allows them to capture faint signals that would otherwise be lost in background noise. These detectors typically use materials like superconductors or semiconductors that exhibit unique properties at cryogenic temperatures. When a particle interacts with the detector, it generates a small amount of heat or light, which can be measured to infer the particle's presence and energy. This technology is crucial in fields like particle physics and astrophysics.