The Cross Model of Black Identity, developed by psychologist William E. Cross Jr., outlines the stages of racial identity development among African Americans. It emphasizes the psychological processes individuals undergo as they navigate their racial identity, moving from a pre-encounter stage, where they may adopt a Eurocentric worldview, to an encounter stage that prompts a reevaluation of their identity. The model further describes stages such as immersion-emersion, where individuals embrace their Black identity, and internalization, where they achieve a balanced sense of self. This framework helps to understand the complexities of racial identity and the impact of societal factors on personal development.