Crop diseases are harmful conditions that affect plants, reducing their growth and yield. They can be caused by various factors, including fungi, bacteria, viruses, and environmental conditions. Symptoms may include wilting, discoloration, and stunted growth, which can lead to significant economic losses for farmers. Preventing and managing crop diseases often involves practices such as crop rotation, using resistant plant varieties, and applying pesticides. Early detection is crucial, as it allows for timely intervention to minimize damage. Understanding the specific diseases affecting crops helps farmers make informed decisions to protect their harvests.