Criminalization refers to the process of making certain actions or behaviors illegal by enacting laws. This can involve defining specific activities as crimes, which can lead to penalties such as fines, imprisonment, or other legal consequences. The goal of criminalization is often to protect public safety and maintain social order. The reasons for criminalization can vary widely, including moral, social, or economic considerations. For example, activities like drug use or theft may be criminalized to deter harmful behavior and promote community well-being. The effectiveness and fairness of criminalization are often subjects of debate in society.