Crawling techniques refer to methods used by search engines like Google to discover and index content on the internet. These techniques involve automated programs called web crawlers or spiders that systematically browse web pages, following links to gather information. This process helps search engines understand the structure and relevance of websites. Effective crawling techniques ensure that new and updated content is quickly identified and indexed. Factors such as sitemaps, robots.txt files, and page load speed can influence how efficiently crawlers operate. By optimizing these elements, website owners can improve their visibility in search engine results.