A craniotomy is a surgical procedure that involves removing a portion of the skull to access the brain. This operation is typically performed to treat conditions such as brain tumors, traumatic brain injuries, or to relieve pressure caused by swelling. After the necessary treatment, the removed section of the skull is usually replaced and secured. The procedure is conducted by a neurosurgeon, who uses specialized tools to carefully open the skull. Patients may require anesthesia and a hospital stay for recovery. Risks include infection, bleeding, and neurological complications, but many patients benefit from the intervention.