Cranial types refer to the classification of human skull shapes based on their measurements and features. The three primary cranial types are dolichocephalic, characterized by a long and narrow skull; mesocephalic, which has a moderate width and length; and brachycephalic, known for its short and broad shape. These classifications help in understanding human diversity and can be influenced by genetics and environmental factors. The study of cranial types is important in fields like anthropology, archaeology, and forensic science. By analyzing skull shapes, researchers can gain insights into population migrations, evolutionary history, and even individual identification in forensic cases.