Cranial nerve palsy refers to the dysfunction of one or more of the twelve pairs of cranial nerves that emerge directly from the brain. These nerves control various functions, including movement and sensation in the face, vision, and hearing. Symptoms can vary widely, depending on which nerve is affected, and may include drooping eyelids, difficulty swallowing, or loss of facial sensation. Causes of cranial nerve palsy can include stroke, tumors, infections, or trauma. Diagnosis typically involves a thorough medical history, physical examination, and imaging studies. Treatment options depend on the underlying cause and may include medications, physical therapy, or surgery.