A "Covenanter" refers to a member of a Scottish Presbyterian movement in the 17th century that sought to uphold and defend the Covenants, which were agreements to maintain the Reformed faith and resist interference from the monarchy in religious matters. The movement emerged in response to the perceived threats to Presbyterianism and was characterized by a commitment to religious freedom and governance by church elders. Covenanters played a significant role in the Wars of the Three Kingdoms, particularly during the English Civil War. They were known for their strong opposition to the imposition of Anglicanism and the authority of the monarchy over church affairs, leading to conflicts that shaped the religious landscape of Scotland and influenced broader European Protestant movements.