The Cossack Uprising refers to a series of revolts by the Cossacks against the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth in the 17th century. The most notable uprising occurred in 1648, led by Bohdan Khmelnytsky, who sought to address grievances related to land, taxation, and religious freedoms. This conflict marked a significant turning point in Eastern European history, leading to the eventual establishment of the Cossack Hetmanate. The uprising resulted in a series of battles and shifting alliances, ultimately leading to the Treaty of Zboriv in 1649. This treaty granted the Cossacks autonomy and recognized their rights, but tensions continued, culminating in further conflicts. The Cossack Uprising significantly influenced the political landscape of the region and the relationship between the Cossacks and neighboring powers.