The Cossack Rebellions were a series of uprisings in Eastern Europe, primarily involving the Cossacks, a group of predominantly East Slavic-speaking people known for their military prowess and semi-nomadic lifestyle. These rebellions often arose in response to oppressive policies from the Russian Empire and the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, as Cossacks sought greater autonomy and rights. Key rebellions include the Khmelnytsky Uprising in the 17th century, led by Bohdan Khmelnytsky, which aimed to establish Cossack independence from Polish rule. Other notable revolts occurred in the 18th and 19th centuries, reflecting ongoing tensions between the Cossacks and central authorities, ultimately shaping the region's political landscape.