The corneal endothelial cell is a specialized cell type located in the innermost layer of the cornea, which is the transparent front part of the eye. These cells play a crucial role in maintaining corneal transparency and regulating fluid balance by pumping excess water out of the cornea. This function is essential for clear vision. Corneal endothelial cells are unique because they do not regenerate effectively. If they are damaged due to injury, disease, or aging, the cornea can become cloudy, leading to vision problems. Conditions like Fuchs' dystrophy can significantly affect the health and function of these cells.