Control protocols are standardized rules and procedures that govern how data is transmitted and managed in a network. They ensure that devices can communicate effectively, maintaining the integrity and reliability of the data being exchanged. Common examples include the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and User Datagram Protocol (UDP), which help manage data flow and error checking. These protocols play a crucial role in various applications, from web browsing to video streaming. By defining how data packets are sent, received, and acknowledged, control protocols help optimize network performance and ensure that information reaches its destination accurately and efficiently.