Control algorithms are systematic procedures used to manage and regulate the behavior of dynamic systems. They take input data from sensors and apply mathematical models to determine the appropriate actions needed to achieve desired outcomes. Common applications include automated manufacturing, robotics, and aerospace engineering. These algorithms can be classified into various types, such as PID (Proportional-Integral-Derivative) controllers, which adjust outputs based on the difference between a desired setpoint and the current state. By continuously monitoring and adjusting, control algorithms help maintain stability and improve performance in complex systems.