Continental Africa is the second-largest continent in the world, covering about 30.2 million square kilometers. It is home to 54 recognized countries, each with its own unique cultures, languages, and histories. The continent is rich in natural resources, including minerals, oil, and diverse wildlife, making it a significant area for both biodiversity and economic potential. Geographically, Africa is bordered by the Mediterranean Sea to the north, the Atlantic Ocean to the west, and the Indian Ocean to the east. The continent features diverse landscapes, from the vast Sahara Desert in the north to the lush rainforests of the Congo Basin in the central region. Major rivers, such as the Nile and Zambezi, also flow through Africa, supporting both ecosystems and human populations.