Contemporary Romanian literature encompasses works produced after the fall of communism in 1989, reflecting the country's social, political, and cultural transformations. Writers explore themes such as identity, migration, and the impact of history, often blending realism with elements of postmodernism. Notable authors include Mircea Cărtărescu, known for his surreal narratives, and Herta Müller, a Nobel Prize winner whose works address the struggles of life under dictatorship. The literary scene is vibrant, with a growing number of translations making Romanian literature accessible to international audiences.