The Constitution Act 1867, originally known as the British North America Act, is a key piece of legislation that established the framework for the governance of Canada. It united the provinces of Ontario, Quebec, New Brunswick, and Nova Scotia into a single Dominion within the British Empire. This act laid the foundation for Canada's federal system, defining the powers of the federal and provincial governments. The act also outlined the structure of the Parliament of Canada, which consists of the House of Commons and the Senate. It provided guidelines for the distribution of powers and responsibilities, ensuring a balance between national and regional interests. Over the years, the act has been amended to reflect the evolving needs of the country.