Conscientious objectors are individuals who refuse to participate in military service or combat due to personal beliefs, often rooted in moral, ethical, or religious convictions. They may oppose war in general or specific conflicts, believing that participating in violence contradicts their principles. In many countries, conscientious objectors can apply for alternative service, which allows them to contribute to society in non-military roles. This can include work in areas like healthcare, education, or community service, providing a way for them to fulfill their civic duties without compromising their beliefs.