Conformal mapping is a mathematical technique used to transform one shape into another while preserving angles. This means that the local structure of the shape is maintained, making it useful in various fields such as fluid dynamics and electromagnetic theory. The transformation is typically performed using complex functions, which can simplify complex problems. One common application of conformal mapping is in aerodynamics, where it helps analyze airflow around objects. By mapping a complicated shape to a simpler one, engineers can more easily study the behavior of fluids and optimize designs for better performance.